The Ancient World in Sport The Ancient World in Sport
Variety

The Ancient World in Sport

A Round-Up of Ancient Sporting News
Michał Szadkowski
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A wreath of celery

Apparently it all began in 776 BCE, when the first games were held in Olympia. “Apparently”, because it can’t be ruled out that they were held earlier.

At first the games lasted one day, and the programme included only a race of one stadion, or around 200 metres. After that, the games were held every four years during the second full moon after the summer solstice, meaning late July or early August. Later the event expanded to five days, and was as much a religious festival as a sporting one: athletes competed to the glory of Zeus, and in the middle of the games, 100 oxen were sacrificed to the god.

During the preparations and the games themselves, a ‘divine peace’ obliged the Greeks to lay down their arms so that athletes could arrive safely at the event to compete. But although the games in Olympia were the most prestigious, they weren’t the only all-Greek games. Every four years the Pythian Games were held at Delphi, and every two years the Isthmian Games in Isthmia, and the Nemean Games (in Nemea). They were organized in honour of (respectively) Apollo, Poseidon and Zeus. The events and the prizes varied. Initially, the games in Delphi included only musical competitions; sport was added later.

At the Olympic Games, athletes competed for olive wreaths, at the Pythian Games for laurels, at Nemea for ivy, and at Isthmia for wreaths of celery leaves or pine branches. The history of the ancient Olympic Games ended in 393 CE, after 1169 years and 293 tournaments. At that time, due to the pagan nature of the games, they were abolished by Theodosius the Great.

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The damaged president

Not long ago, Ineta Radēviča was the face of Latvian sport. Chosen three times as sportswoman of the year, a world runner-up and European champion in the long jump, she carried the flag at the London Olympics in 2012. She was so popular in Latvia that she was asked to pose for Playboy. Radēviča’s achievements on the field helped her win election as head of Latvia’s athletics association in 2017. But recently, her triumphs on the track have paled significantly. Moreover, her career as president ended when the International Olympic Committee (IOC) announced that during the 2012 games, Radēviča was taking the anabolic steroid oxandrolone. Once the formalities are completed, she will lose her fourth-place finish from London. She had missed the bronze medal by a centimetre; after the Games, she ended her career. The 37-year-old Radēviča explained on Instagram that she’s always opposed doping, and would never knowingly take a banned substance. She said the problem was from several years ago, making it harder to defend herself, as she didn’t keep all of her medical records. The Latvian was the fourth participant in the London long-jump final to be caught doping. The Turk Karin Melis Mey was barred for testosterone; later the fifth-place Belarusian Nastassia Mironchyk-Ivanova dropped out, as did the seventh-place Russian, Anna Klyashtornaya (both of whom were taking turinabol). It’s not certain that this is the end, since the IOC is opening more of the refrigerators that hold samples from 2012. The Olympic authorities are starting to speed up – under their rules, the samples from London can only be tested until August 2020.

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